Cardiometabolic risk factors associated with renal function in apparently healthy young students: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Background: Cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) appear decades before developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adulthood. Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence and association between CMRFs and kidney function in apparently healthy young adults (18-25 years old). Methods: We included 5531 freshman year students. Data collected on CMRFs included central obesity, high body mass index (hBMI >25), blood pressure, glycemia, lipids, uric acid (UA >6.8 mg/dL), and insulin. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated by CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration formula. We used logistic regression and a log linear for odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence level) and probabilities. Results: The presence of any CMRF was observed in 78% (4312) of individuals; GFR ≥120/130 mL/min/1.73 m2sc was found in 33%, GFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m2sc in 3%, and proteinuria in 3%. Factors associated with high GFR were hBMI (OR 1.3 [1.14, 1.47]), UA (OR 0.2 [0.15, 0.26]), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR 1.4 [1.2, 1.6]), and insulin resistance (OR 1.3 [1.05, 1.7]). CMRF associated with low GFR was UA (OR 1.8 [1.3, 2.6]), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 1.66 [1.05, 2.6]), and proteinuria (OR 3.4 [2.07, 5.7]). Proteinuria was associated with high UA (OR 1.59 [1.01, 2.5]) and hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.8 [1.03, 3.18]). The sole presence of hBMI+UA predicted low GFR with p = 0.6 and hBMI+UA+low HDL predicted proteinuria with p = 0.55. Conclusions: CMRFs were highly prevalent among this freshman student population and were associated with proteinuria and GFR abnormalities. Future studies should focus on public health programs to prevent or delay the development of CKD.

Cinética de la D-xilosa después de su administración intraperitoneal / D-xilose kinetics after intraperitoneal administration

Este trabajo representa la primera fase de un estudio cuyo objetivo final es probar si la concentración sérica de D-xilosa, después de su administración intraperitoneal, puede utilizarse como un indicador de depuración peritoneal. Aquí exclusivamente se informan los resultados obtenidos del estudio de cinética de la D-xilosa en 10 pacientes con nefropatía diabética terminal tratados con diálisis peritoneal (DP). Se administró D-xilosa a la cavidad peritoneal a razón de 100 mg/k de peso. Después se midió en suero, orina y líquido peritoneal. La proporción del total administrado de D-xilosa que difundió del espacio intraperitoneal al compartimiento intravascular fue de 64 ñ 26 por ciento a la primera hora, 74 ñ 22 por ciento a la segunda y 80 ñ 19 por ciento a la tercera. La concentración de D-xilosa en suero a las mismas horas fue de 5 ñ 3 por ciento, 8.9 ñ 4 por ciento y 9.4 ñ 4 por ciento del total administrado (r=0.9773). Una vez conocido el modelo de distribución de la D-xilosa en esta clase de enfermos pueden efectuarse otros estudios que evalúen su utilidad como un indicador del grado de depuración peritoneal